Introduction

JavaScript is a versatile, high-level programming language commonly used in web development to create dynamic and interactive user experiences. It can be used for front-end and back-end development, making it an essential tool for modern web developers.

Setting Up

Browser Console: Open your web browser and access the console (usually found in Developer Tools).
Text Editor: Use any text editor like VSCode, Sublime Text, or even Notepad.

Basics

Variables

Variables are used to store data. You can declare variables using let, const, or var.

let name = "John";
const age = 30;
var isStudent = true;

Data Types

JavaScript supports various data types, including:

String: "Hello"
Number: 42
Boolean: true or false
Array: [1, 2, 3]
Object: { key: "value" }
Undefined: undefined
Null: null

Functions

Functions are blocks of code designed to perform a particular task.

function greet() {
  console.log("Hello, World!");
}

greet(); // Output: Hello, World!

Control Structures

Conditional Statements

Used to perform different actions based on different conditions.

let time = 20;
if (time < 12) {
  console.log("Good morning");
} else if (time < 18) {
  console.log("Good afternoon");
} else {
  console.log("Good evening");
}

Loops

Used to repeat a block of code a number of times.

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
  console.log(i); // Output: 0 1 2 3 4
}

Events

JavaScript can respond to events, like clicks or keyboard input.

<button onclick="sayHello()">Click me</button>
<script>
  function sayHello() {
    alert("Hello!");
  }
</script>

DOM Manipulation

JavaScript can interact with HTML elements to change content, style, and attributes.

<p id="demo">This is a paragraph.</p>
<button onclick="changeText()">Change Text</button>
<script>
  function changeText() {
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Text changed!";
  }
</script>

Arrays and Objects

Arrays and objects are used to store collections of data.

Arrays

let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
console.log(fruits[0]); // Output: Apple

Objects

let person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName: "Doe",
  age: 30
};
console.log(person.firstName); // Output: John

ES6 Features

Modern JavaScript (ES6 and later) introduces several new features:

Arrow Functions

const add = (a, b) => a + b;
console.log(add(2, 3)); // Output: 5

Template Literals

let name = "John";
console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`); // Output: Hello, John!

Destructuring

let person = { firstName: "John", lastName: "Doe" };
let { firstName, lastName } = person;
console.log(firstName); // Output: John

Conclusion

This is just a brief introduction to JavaScript. There's much more to explore, including advanced topics like asynchronous programming and API's ......

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JavaScript in 5-Minute